4582: Penalty and Interest Computation for Underpaid Estimated Tax (2025)
Michigan · Michigan Treasury · Used for tax years 2025
Michigan Form 4582 calculates penalty and interest for underpaid 2025 Michigan Business Tax estimated payments. It also includes an annualization worksheet for modified gross receipts and business income taxes when tax liability is not evenly distributed throughout the year.
Who files this form
Form 4582 is used to calculate penalty and interest for underpaid estimated Michigan Business Tax for tax year 2025. It uses annual tax amounts from Form 4567, Form 4588, or Form 4590.
The form does not state a complete filing requirement. It refers taxpayers to the MBT instruction booklet for exceptions to the penalty and interest calculation.
What you'll need
Have these amounts and details available to complete the form:
- Taxpayer name and Federal Employer Identification Number (FEIN) or TR Number.
- Annual tax from Form 4567, line 59; Form 4588, line 47; or Form 4590, line 32.
- Prior-year overpayment, estimated payments, and refundable credits.
- Quarterly payment due dates, payment dates, and the annual return due date.
If completing the annualization worksheet, you will also need the gross receipts, business income, adjustments, apportionment percentage, deductions, and credits requested for its reporting periods.
Common mistakes
- Working across columns too soon: The form cautions you to complete lines 5 through 13 one column at a time.
- Entering an annual surcharge: Line 58 says the annual surcharge no longer applies. Do not enter an amount on that line.
- Not checking the annualization total: The note at line 70 says the totals must equal 85% of the current-year tax liability on page 1, line 1.
Questions people ask
How is the required estimate amount calculated?
Line 2 is 85% of the annual tax on line 1. Line 4 divides that amount by four, or by the number of quarterly returns required. If annualizing, use the amount from line 70 instead.
When should I complete the annualization worksheet?
The form says to complete it if your tax liability is not evenly distributed throughout the year. It directs filers of Form 4588 or Form 4590 to see the instructions.
How is the penalty calculated?
Part 3 applies a percentage to the underpayment on line 27 based on the number of days on line 30: 5% for 1 through 60 days, 10% for 61 through 90 days, 15% for 91 through 120 days, 20% for 121 through 150 days, and 25% for more than 150 days.
Where do I report the total penalty and interest?
Add interest from line 26 and penalty from line 37, and enter the total on line 38. Also enter it on Form 4567, line 68; Form 4588, line 56; or Form 4590, line 41.