500-UET: Underpayment of Estimated Tax by Individual/Fiduciary (2025)
Georgia · Georgia DOR · Used for tax years 2025
Georgia Form 500-UET helps individuals and fiduciaries determine whether they paid enough income tax throughout the year through withholding or estimated tax installments. It calculates underpayments and any related penalty and provides for exceptions that may avoid the penalty.
Who files this form
Individuals and fiduciaries may use Form 500-UET to check whether they paid enough Georgia income tax throughout the year through withholding or estimated payments. The form determines whether an underpayment penalty applies or an exception avoids it.
The text does not state a general requirement for everyone to file this form. If you use it, attach it to Form 500 or Form 501.
When it's due
For calendar-year taxpayers required to file Form 500ES, the payment schedule for tax year 2025 depends on when the estimated-tax requirements were first met:
| Requirements first met in 2025 | Payment due | Maximum installments |
| --- | --- | --- |
| January 1 through March 31 | April 15, 2025 | 4 |
| April 1 through May 31 | June 15, 2025 | 3 |
| June 1 through August 31 | September 15, 2025 | 2 |
| On or after September 1 | January 15, 2026 | 1 |
The instructions say to substitute the next regular workday if a date in this schedule falls on a Saturday, Sunday, or legal holiday.
Other dates relevant to tax year 2025:
- If you file your return and pay the balance by January 31, 2026, the instructions treat that balance as paid on January 15, 2026.
- Qualifying farmers and fishermen may be exempt from the penalty if they file Form 500 or 501 and pay the tax on or before March 1, 2026.
The text does not give a separate filing deadline for Form 500-UET.
What you'll need
Have these forms and figures available:
- Your Form 500 or Form 501, including the tax and credit amounts referenced on lines 1 and 2 of Form 500-UET.
- Your immediately preceding year's tax return. The prior-year tax amount on line 4 must come from a return covering 12 months.
- Estimated-tax payment amounts and payment dates, plus tax withheld during the year.
- Income, deduction, and exemption figures needed for any penalty exception you claim.
Attach a separate computation page when applying a penalty exception. If you made more than one payment for an installment, attach a separate computation for each payment.
How to file
Attach Form 500-UET to your Georgia Form 500 or Form 501.
For installments not covered by an exception, complete lines 17 through 21 to calculate the penalty. Enter the total penalty in the space provided on Form 500 or 501, then increase the balance due or decrease the overpayment accordingly.
The supplied text does not provide a mailing address or e-filing instructions.
Common mistakes
- Do not use a prior-year return covering less than 12 months for the tax amount on line 4.
- Treat withholding as paid equally for each quarter, as directed on lines 9 and 13.
- Remember to attach a separate computation page for penalty exceptions and a separate computation for each payment if an installment had multiple payments.
- Do not use Exception 3 for the fourth installment period. The instructions expressly say it is not permitted.
- Enter zero on line 10 if there is no excess from previous installments to carry forward.
Questions people ask
What is the underpayment penalty rate?
The form uses 9 percent a year on the underpaid amount for the applicable number of days.
Can I use different exceptions for different installments?
Yes. You may apply a different exception to each underpayment, but you must attach a separate computation page.
Is there an exception for estates and testamentary trusts?
Yes. Estimated payments are not required for a qualifying estate or testamentary trust for a taxable year ending before the date two years after the decedent's death. If the exception applies, enter $0 on line 21 and check the “500 UET Exception Attached” box on Form 501.
What is the special rule for farmers and fishermen?
If farming or fishing provides at least two-thirds of your annual gross income and you file Form 500 or 501 and pay the tax by March 1 of the following year, you may be exempt from the penalty. The instructions say to enter $0 on line 21, check the “500 UET Exception Attached” box on Form 500, and leave the rest of Form 500-UET incomplete.
What if I use a fiscal tax year?
Contact the Georgia Department of Revenue at 1-877-423-6711 for information about the underpayment penalty.